1st2chr: prints the first 2 characters of the input
1stchr: prints the first character of the input
2dig: gets a 2 digit number from the user
DTK: Deception ToolKit
DTK.pl: Deception ToolKit X11 Menu interface
Eterm: X11 video terminal emulator
Etsearch: X11 text search
IPaddr: Get an IP address from the user
WGfixup: Repair an installed WhiteGlove File System
WGin: Install the CD to a hard disk
WGkillprocs: Kill undesirable processes periodically
WGout: Remove the installed operating system - leave the data
WGsec: Secure the operating environment
WGup: Update the hard disk installation
YORN: Get a Y or N from the user
a2p: Awk to Perl translator
addftinfo: add information to troff font files for use with groff
afmtodit: create font files for use with groff -Tps
agetty: terminal interface for multiple consoles
animate: display a sequence of images
ar: create, modify, and extract from archives
arch: display the processor type for this computer
arp: Address Resolution Protocol
arping: Ping using ARP packets
arpspoof: Spoof ARP addresses
as: Assembler
as86: x86 Assembler
atoi: Alphanumeric to integer converter (atoi a -> 97)
atoo: Alphanumeric to octal converter (atoo a -> d=97 o=141 h=61)
badblocks: Search a device for bad blocks
basename: Find the base name for a pathname
bash: The bash command interpreter
bc: An arbitrary precision calculator language
bdftops: Convert to postscript
bison: A compiler compiler
blackbox: The X11 interface used by the bootable CDs
blockdev: Call block device ioctls from the command line
bzip2: File compression utility
bzip2recover: File compression recovery utility
cal: Show a calendar
cardctl: PCMCIA card status display
cardmgr: PCMCIA card manager for detecting POC cards
cat: Concatenate files to the standard output
cdda2wav: Convert cdda format to wave format
cdrecord: Burn a CD-ROM
cfdisk: Curses based disk partition table manipulator
charset: Set an ACM for use in one of the G0/G1 charset slots
chattr: Change file attributes
chgrp: Change group ownership
chkdupexe: Check for duplicate executables
chklastlog: Check lastlog for anomolies
chkproc: Check processes for propriety
chkrootkit: Check for known rootkits
chkwtmp: Check wtmp file for attack patterns
chmod: Change permissions on files
chown: Change ownership of files
chroot: Change root directory
chsh: Change default shell for user
chvt: Change foreground virtual terminal
cksum: Checksum and count the bytes in a file
clear: Clear the screen
clisp: Common Lisp implementation
clock.pl: Display international times in X11
cmp: Compare two files
code: Capture the namespace context for a code fragment
col: Filter reverse line feeds from input
colcrt: Filter nroff output for CRT previewing
colrm: Remove columns from a file
column: Columnate lists
comm: Compare two sorted files line by line
compress: Compress files
consolechars: Load EGA/VGA console screen font, map, application map
convert: Convert between image formats
count: Count from one integer to another by increments
cp: Copy files
cpan: Comprehansive Perl Archive Network
cpp: The C PreProcessor
crlf: Change files to CRLF output from whatever they used to be
crypto: OpenSSL cryptographic library
csplit: Split files into sections determined by context lines
ctrlaltdel: set Ctrl-Alt-Del function
cucipop: Mail pop3 handler
cut: Remove sections from each line of files
cytune: Tune Cyclades driver parameters
d#: Multiply integers
d+: Add integers
da: Date and time
dad: Date addition
dadd: Add integers
date: Date and time
dayadd: Date addition
db: Database create, get, put, hash
dcmp: Date comparrison
dd: Disk dump
dayadd: Date addition
ddate: Converts Gregorian dates to Discordian dates
deallocvt: Deallocate unused virtual terminals
debugfs: Ext2 file system debugger
debugreiserfs: Reiser file system debugger
df: Disk free space listing
dhcpcd: DHCP client daemon
dhcpd: DHCP server daemon
dia: A diagram drawing program
diff: Find differences between two files
diff3: Find differences between three files
dig: Detailed DNS queries
digits: Input a series of N digits (i.e., digits 3)
dir: A pseudonym for 'ls' - list files
dircolors: Colorized directory listing setup
dirname: Strip non-directory suffix from file name
diskwipe: Wipe the contents of a disk out
display: Display an image under X11
dmesg: Print or control the kernel ring buffer
dnsspoof: Spoof DNS packets
dnum: Device number?
dollars: Input a dollars and cents amount
dprofpp: Display perl profile data
dsniff: Sniff network packets from Ethernets
dsub: Substract integers
dtoo: Decimal to octal conversion
du: Disk usage statistics
dump_cis: Display PCMCIA Card Information Structures
dumpe2fs: Dump filesystem information
dumpkeys: Dump keyboard translation tables
dvipdf: Convert DVI files to PDF format
e2fsck: Check an EXT2 filesystem
e2label: Change the label on an ext2 filesystem
echo: Echo things to the display
ed: Line oriented editor
ee: Electric Eyes visualizes image files
egrep: Print lines matching a pattern
eject: Eject the CD-ROM
elvtune: I/O elevator tuner
env: Show the shell environment variables
eps2eps: Convert eps printer files to Postscript
esd: Audio device status information
esd-config: Configure audio devices
esdcat: Get data from audio devices
esdctl: Control audio devices
esddsp: Audio devices DSP processor
esdfilt: Audio devices filter
esdloop: Audio devices loopback
esdmon: Audio devices monitor
esdplay: Audio devices play
esdrec: Audio devices record
esdsample: Audio devices sampling rate
ethereal: Watch ethernet packets graphically from X11
ettercap: Capture ethernet packets
exists: Check for file/directory existence
expand: Convert tabs to spaces
expr: Evaluate numerical expressions
ext2online: EXT2 file system place online
ext2prepare: EXT2 file system preparer
ext2resize: EXT2 file system resizer
extract_compressed_fs: Extract a compressed file system
fadd: Add floating point
faillog: Failure log
FALSE: Retuen a '0' value
fbset: Show and modify frame buffer device settings
fdformat: Format a floppy disk
fdisk: Partition table editor for hard disks
fgconsole: Print the number of the active VT
fgrep: Print lines matching a pattern
file: Determine file type
find: Search a directory hierarchy
find_ethernet: Fine ethernets
find_hdd: Find hard disk drieves
find_scsi: Find SCSI devices
find_usb: Find USB devices
finddns: Find DNS servers for a hostname
findimages: Find graphical; image files
finger.pl: Run the finger program on other systems
fix_bs_and_del: Fix backspace and delete characters
fixmswrd.pl: Fix MS Word files
fixresolv: Build a new /etc/resolv.conf file (fixresolv > /etc/resolv.conf)
fixtime: Fix the time and date using network time protocol
flex: Fast lexical analyzer generator
floursheim: Search the Internet for content
fmt: Simple optimal text formatter
fname: Input a filename
fold: Wrap each input line to fit in specified width
free: Memory usage statistics
fsck: File system checker
fsck.ext2: Check EXT2 file system
fsck.ext3: Check ext3 file system
fsck.minix: Check minix file system
ftl_check: Flash Translation Layer format checker (PC-Flash memory)
ftl_format: Flash Translation Layer formatting utility (PC-Flash memory)
ftp: File Transfer Protocol program
funzip: Filter for extracting from a ZIP archive in a pipe
fuser: Identify processes using files or sockets
g++: GNU project C++ Compiler
gawk: GNU Awk pattern scanning and processing language
gcc: Fnu C Compiler
getent: Get entries from administrative database
getopt: Get options from command lines
getstyle: X11 Style information
gettext: Get text from the user
gettextize: Get the size of an EXT file system
gpasswd: Administer the /etc/group file
gpm: Allow text displays to use mice
gprof: Display call graph profile data
grep: Print lines matching a pattern
grn: Groff preprocessor for gremlin files
groff: Front end for the groff document formatting system
grolbp: Groff driver for Canon CAPSL printers (LBP-4 and LBP-8 series laser printers).
groups: Print the groups a user is in
grpck: Verify integrity of group files
grpconv: Convert to and from shadow passwords and groups
grpunconv: Convert to and from shadow passwords and groups
gs: Ghostscript (postscript interpreter and previewer)
gslj: Ghostscript to Laserjet converter
gslp: Ghostscript to line printer converter
gzexe: Compress executable files in place
gzip: GNU zip and unzip utility
hdparm: Hard disk parameter fetch and set
head: Show the beginning of a file
help: Provide help (if available)
hexdump: Ascii, decimal, hexadecimal, octal dump
host: DNS lookup utility
hostid: Numeric ID of this host
hostname: Name of this host
hpftodit: Create font description files for groff -Tlj4
httrack: Retrieve web sites (Also used by floursheim)
hunt: Packet analysis and session interception
hwclock: Query and set the hardware clock
icmpenum: Enumerate hosts via ICMP probes
iconv: Convert between file codings
id: User, group, ID program
ide_info: Information on the IDE interface
identd: The identification daemon
identify: Describe format and characteristics of image file(s)
ifconfig: Configure IP interface cards
ifdown: Shut down IP network interface
ifport: Select transceiver type for network interface
ifpromisc: Promiscuous mode for ethernet cards
ifup: Start up IP network interface
ifuser: identify destinations routed to a particular network interface
igawk: Gawk with include files
imapd: Internet Message Access Protocol server
import: Capture X screen and save to a file
inetd: Internet daemon master server
info: Read Info documents
infocmp: Compare or print out terminfo descriptions
insmod: Insert loadable kernel module
integer: Input an integer from the user
integers: Input multiple integers from, the user
ipcalc: IP calculator
ipchains: IP firewall mechanism
ipcrm: Interprocess resource remover
ipcs: Information on interprocess communication facilities
ipppd: (ISDN) Point to Point Protocol daemon
iptables: IP firewall mechanism
isapnp: Configure ISA Plug-and-Play devices
isodump: Dump an ISO9660 file system
isoinfo: Information on an ISO9660 file system
isosize: Size of an ISO9660 file system
isovfy: Verify an ISO9660 file system
itoa: Convert integer value to ASCII character
join: Join lines of two files on a common field
kbd_mode: Report or set the keyboard mode
kernelversion: Report the kernel version
kill: Kill processes
killall: Kill all processes meeting a given specification
killramdisk: Kill the RAM disk
kudzu: Configuration change manager
l: list files (abbreviation for ls)
last: List all login dates and times
lastcomm: List last commands typed by users
lastlog: List last time each user logged in
ld: Loader
less: Show files page-by-page and allow search
lftp: Better File Transfer Protocol handler than FTP
libsetup: Setup libraries from select applications
lineup: Line up lines in a file into columns
ll: Long version of ls
ln: Link files into an executable
loadkeys: Load keyboard translation tables
locale: Local configuration information
locate: Locate a file or program in the system
logger: Make entries in the system log
login: The program that lets you log into the system
logname: Name of user logged in
logoutd: Automatic logout daemon
look: Display lines beginning with a given string
losetup: Setup loopback file systems
lprsetup.sh: Setup the line printer
ls: List files
lsattr: List file attributes
lsdev: List devices
lsof: List open files associated with processes
lspci: List PCI cards and types
ltrace: A library call tracer
lynx: A text-based Web interface
m4: Macro preprocessor
mailstats: Display mail statistics
make: Utility to maintain groups of programs
makeinfo: Translate Texinfo documents
makemap: Make a swap file system
makewhatis: Make the whatis database
man: Manual entries for most of the programs listed here
math: Do aritmetic functions
mawk: Pattern scanning and text processing language
mcookie: Generate magic cookies for xauth
md5sum: MD5 cryptographic checksum generator
me: Micro Emacs editor
menu: Menu system turns a directory tree into a menu system
mkdir: Make directories
mke2fs: Make EXT2 file systems
mkfifo: Make FIFOs (named pipes)
mkfs: Make file system
mkfs.bfs: Make BFS file system
mkfs.ext2: Make EXT2 file system
mkfs.minix: Make Minix file system
mkisofs: Make ISO9660 file system
mklost+found: Make lost&Found directory
mkmanifest: Create a shell script (packing list) to restore Unix filenames
mknod: Make a device file
mkpv: Creates PV device
mkraid: Make a RAID file system
mkreiserfs: Make a Reiser fils system
mkswap: Make a swap file system
mmroff: MROFF reference preprocessor
modinfo: Display information about a kernel module
mogrify: Transform an image or sequence of images
montage: Create a composite image by combining separate images
more: Show a file a page at a time (like less)
mount: Mount a file system
mouseconfig: Configure the mouse (almost never needed)
mozilla: Netscape-like web browser
mpg123: Play audio MPEG 1.0/2.0 file (layers 1, 2 and 3)
mtools: Utilities to access DOS disks in Unix
mtr: Network diagnostic tool (ping and traceroute)
mv: Move files
myip: Show my primary IP address
mywhois: Special version of 'whois'
namei: Follow a pathname until a terminal point is found
nasl: Network intrusion detection tool
nasm: Netwide Assembler - portable 80x86 assembler
nc: NetCat - Cat for networks
ncftp: Browser program for the File Transfer Protocol
ndisasm: Netwide Disassembler - 80x86 binary file disassembler
nessus-setup: Setup the Nessus network security scanner
nessusd: Run the scanner from X11
net-install-mandrake-8.1: Network installers for other OSs
net-install-redhat-6.2: Network installers for other OSs
net-install-redhat-7.1: Network installers for other OSs
netadd: Get a full hostname from the user
netconfig: Menu based network configuration program
netdump: Dump network packets
netman: Network-based manual program
netstat: Network usage statistics
newgrp: Change groups
nextname: Make temporary file name (e.g.,nextname testXXXX)
nice: Run a process ot different priority
nl: Number lines of files
nm: List symbols from object files.
nmap: Network mapping utility
nmapfe: X11 front end to nmap
nmbd: NetBIOS name server
nmblookup: NetBIOS name server lookup
nocr: Remove CR from files (changes CRLF to LF only)
noctrl: Remove control characters from files
nohup: Run a process ignoring Hangup (HUP) signals
nolf: Remove linefeeds from files
nonull: Remove null (0) characters from files
noparity: Remove parity bits from filess
noquote: Input a line without shell quote characters
noreps.pl: Remove repetitive lines from a file
npulse: Network pulse taking program
nrepsum: Eliminate duplicate lines and count how many of each
nslookup: Lookup a hostname on a name server
ntop: Daemon for port 3000 to get network traffic information
ntop-config: Confogure ntop
ntpd: Network time protocol daemon
ntpdate: Update time by asking remote NTP servers
number: Input a real number from the user
o#: Octal multiplication
o+: Octal addition
objcopy: Copy and translate object files
objdump: Display information from object files
od: Octal to decminal conversion
oddparity: Set the first bit on all bytes
ok: Ask for an 'ok' confirmation
oldps: Report process status
oneofeach: Get a list of different things
onum: Get an octal number from the user
oo: Open Office
openssl: Secure Socket Layer handler
openvt: Start a program on a new virtual terminal
otod: Convert octal to decimal
pack_cis: Compile PCMCIA Card Information Structures
pan: X11 mail fetch and send program
parted: Partition manipulation program
passwd: Change passwords
paste: Merge lines of files
pathchk: Check whether file names are valid or portable
patmat: Pattern matching virus detection
pcinitrd: Create a PCMCIA initrd ram disk image
pd: Partition table decoder
perl: The perl language
perlcc: Frontend for perl compiler
perldoc: Perl documentation
pic: Compile pictures for troff or TeX
pico: GUI text editor
pidof: Find the process ID of a running program
pilot: File system browser in the style of the Pine Composer
pine: Email program
ping: Send ICMP packets to computers
pinky: Lightweight finger program
pivot_root: Change the root of the file system
pkill: Process killer and signaller
pl2pm: Rough tool translates Perl4 .pl files to Perl5 .pm modules
plipconfig: Fine tune PLIP device parameters
pnpdump: Dump ISA Plug-And-Play devices resource information
pod2html: Convert POD files to html
pod2latex: Convert POD files to latex
pod2man: Convert POD files to man files
pod2text: Convert POD files to text files
pod2usage: Convert POD files to usage files
podchecker: Check POD files
pppd: Point to point protocol daemon
pppdump: Convert PPP record file to readable format
pr: Convert files for the line printer
praliases: Display system mail aliases
printenv: Print all or part of environment
printf: Format and print data
probe: Probes for PCI and other bridge hardware
procinfo: Display system status gathered from /proc
procmgr.pl: X11-based process manager
ps: Process status lister
ps2ascii: Convert postscript to ascii
ps2epsi: Convert postscript to EPS printer format
ps2pdf: Convert postscript to PDF format
psfaddtable: Add a Unicode character table to a console font
psfgettable: Get the Unicode character table from a console font
psfstriptable: Remove embedded Unicode character table from a console font
pstree: Show the process table as a tree structure
pstruct: Dump C structures as generated from cc -g -S stabs
ptadmin.pl: X11-based system administration interface
ptx: Produce a permuted index of file contents
pump: DHCP interface startup
pv.sh: Preview a DVI page in postscript
pwck: Verify integrity of password files
pwconv: convert to and from shadow password files
pwd: Print working directory
pwunconv: Convert to and from shadow password files
qotd.pl: X11 GUI name server lookup program
raidstart: Start a RAID array
refer: Preprocess bibliographic references for groff
reiserfsck: Check a reiser file system
relf: Relinefeed a file
relf2: Relinefeed a file another way
relflab: Relinefeed a file for label printing
reline: Reline a file to 80 columns wide
rename: Rename files
renice: Change the 'nice' level of a running process
resize2fs: EXT2 file system resizer
resize_reiserfs: Reiser file system resizer
resizecons: Change kernel idea of the console size
rev: Reverse lines of a file
rm: Remove a file
rmail: Readmail
rmdir: Remove a directory
rmt: Remote magtape protocol module
ro: Make mounted file systems read-only (default)
route: Update and show packet routing tables
rpcgen: RPC protocol compiler
rpcinfo: Report RPC information
rpm: Red Hat Package Manager
rsync: Faster, flexible replacement for rcp
rw: Make mounted file systems read-write
s2p: Sed to Perl translator
samba: Start SMB services
sash: Stand-alone shell with built-in commands
say: Encrypted chat session talk side of connection
scp: SSH copy program
script: Record terminal input and output to a file
scsi_info: Information on SCSI devices
sdiff: Find and merge differences between files interactively
sdns: Secure DNS server
sed: Stream editor
see: Encrypted chat session listen side of connection
sendmail: Email send and receivbe client (use for send only)
sens: Sensitivity adjustment
seq: Like count
service: Start and stop system services
setfdprm: Set user-provided floppy disk parameters
seticons: Sets the icon images used in Window Maker
setkeycodes: Load kernel scancode-to-keycode mapping
setleds: Set the keyboard leds
setmetamode: Define the keyboard meta key handling
setpci: Configure PCI devices
setsid: Run a program in a new session
setterm: Set terminal attributes
setxkbmap: Set the keyboard using the X keyboard extensions
sfdisk: Partition table manipulator
sftp: Secure (SSH) FTP
sftp-server: Secure (SSH) FTP server
shasum: SHA cryptographic hash checksummer
showcfont: Displays all characters in the current screen font
showkey: Examine the scan codes and keycodes sent by the keyboard
sing: Send packets of various sorts
size: Find the memory size of a program if run
skill: Report process status
slattach: Attach a network interface to a serial line
sleep: Sleep for some number of seconds
sln: Static ln command
smbclient: Windows file sharing client
smbd: Windows file sharing daemon
smbmount: Mount remote Windows file systems
smbpasswd: Set remote Windows file sharing password
smbspool: Rig remote Windows printing
smbstatus: Status of Windows file sharing
smbtar: Back up Windows file shares to tape files
smrsh: Restricted shell for sendmail
snice: Report process status
sniffit: Network traffic sniffer
snort: Network sniffer and intrusion deteciton front end
socklist: List open sockets
soelim: Interpret .so requests in groff input
sort: Sort files
splain: Perl compiler pragma to force verbose warning diagnostics
split: Split a file into parts
sprof: Read and display shared object profiling data
ssh: Secure Shell encrypted communication client
sshd: Secure Shell encrypted communication daemon
ssl: Secure Socket Layer handler
startx: Start X11 running
strace: Trace system calls and signals
strings: Extract strings from a file
strip: Remove unnecessary text from executables
stty: Set tty characteristics
stuff: Help file from the PLAC disk
stunnel: Universal SSL tunnel
su: Switch users
sulogin: Single user login
sum: Add up a column of numbers
swapon: Turn on swapping
swat: Remote management of SMB servers
sync: Write all not-yet-written content to disks
syslogd: System log daemon
sysviuw.pl: View system status information (in X11)
sysvlp.sh: Postscript printer interface
tac: Concatenate and print files in reverse
tack: Terminfo action checker
tail: Show the end of a file
tar: Tape Archiver
tbl: Format tables for troff
tcpdump: Show network packets to the user
tcpkill: Kill an existing TCP connection
tcpspy: Watch TCP connections
tcsh: Another command interpreter
tct-1.06: The coroner's toolkit
tee: Split output to a file and to standard output
telnet: Remote access to computers (insecure)
testparm: Check an smb.conf configuration file
texi2dvi: Convert text to DVi format
tftp: Trivial file transfer protocol
tic: The terminfo entry-description compiler
time.pl: Show time in parts of the world
timezone: Set the time zone
tload: Show load average
toe: Table of (terminfo) entries
tolower: Convert to lower case
top: Show processes sorted by CPU usage over time
touch: Set the file access date on a file
toupper: Convert to upper case
tr: Translate or delete characters
traceroute: Trace a route over the network
track: Interface to httrack
TRUE: Always return true
tset: Set terminal up
tsort: Perform topological sort
tty: What terminal am I running this command from?
tune2fs: Adjust tunable EXT2 filesystem parameters
tunelp: Set various parameters for the lp device
tzselect: Set the time zone
ul: Do underlining
umount: Unmount mounted filesystems
uname: Name of operating system (try uname -a)
unexpand: Convert spaces to tabs
uniq: Remove duplicate lines from a sorted file
unscape: Convert netscape converted input strings to real strings
unzip: Unzip a zipped file
uptime: How long has this computer been up?
urlsnarf: Get a file from a web URL
useradd: Add a user account
userdel: Delete a user account
usermod: Modify a user account
users: List logged in users
usleep: Sleep some number of microseconds
utodos: Convert unix to DOS file content
uudecode: Unix to Unix trnasport decode
uuencode: Unix to Unix trnasport encode
uuidgen: Command-line utility to create a new UUID value
uz: unzip
vdir: like ls -l
vim: Visual editor
vimtutor: Visual editor tutor
vipw: Edit the password or group files
vmstat: Virtual memory statistics
vncconnect: Connect a VNC server to a VNC viewer
vncpasswd: Set password for VNC server
vncserver: Start a VNC server application
vncviewer: VNC client application
w: Who is on the system
wall: Write to all users and terminals
watch: Watch a set of command outputs
wc: Word count
we: Write Enable mounted disks
webget: Get a URL from the web
webser: Start a web server
wget: Get a URL from the web
whatis: Search the whatis database for complete words
whereis: Locate the binary, source, and manual page files for a command
which: If I type a command which program will it run?
whichall: All the programs of that name in my path
whisker: Scans CGI-bin scripts for vulnerabilities
who: Who is logged in
whoami: Who am I (what it my user ID, etc.)?
whois: Lookup information in the Internet Whois database
wipe: Shutdown LAM
wipedisk: Wipe the contents of a disk out
wish: Simple menu interface for X11
wl: Write Lock mounted disks
word: Get a word from the user
words: Get multiple words from the user
write: Write a message to another user
x: Run X11 (if startx fails)
xhost: Allow a remote host to control your X11 session (don't do it)
xkill: Kill X11 windows
xprobe: Find X11 systems and seek vulnerabilities
xrdb: X server resource database utility
xscreensaver: X11 screen saver
xterm: Run a user terminal from X11
xtrace: Trace a program execution
xvidtune: Tune the video display
yacc: Yet another compiler compiler
yes: Send 'y' as output forever
yorn: Get a 'y' or 'n' from the user
zcat: Typoe a compressed file
zcmp: Compare compressed files
zdiff: Do 'diff' on compressed files
zdump: Dump contents of a compressed file
zgrep: Do 'grep' on a compressed file
zic: Time zone compiler
zip: Compress a file
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